Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The effects of long-term replacement therapy of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are still a matter of debate. Glucocorticoid (GC) replacement regimens do not completely mimic the endogenous hormonal production and their monitoring is sometimes difficult. Therefore, some patients are exposed to mild GC excess with potential complications, such as hypertension, diabetes, and skeletal fragility. Data on bone mineral density (BMD) in PAI is still scarce and contr...

Chronically exposure to stress promotes in individuals high intake of foods with high content of carbohydrates and fat and may develop obesity. Stress-induced sustained elevation of glucocorticoid serum levels may be due to impaired functioning of the hypothalamic glucocorticoid receptor GR, altering the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation. As a result, chronically stressed individuals are unable to respond with higher cortisol levels wh...

Chronically exposure to stress promotes in individuals high intake of foods with high content of carbohydrates and fat and may develop obesity. Stress-induced sustained elevation of glucocorticoid serum levels may be due to impaired functioning of the hypothalamic glucocorticoid receptor GR, altering the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation. As a result, chronically stressed individuals are unable to respond with higher cortisol levels wh...

Oncogenic ostemalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterised by renal phosphate wasting secondary to secretion of FGF-23 from mesenchymal tumours. Localisation of the tumour is wanted, as resection can lead to complete clinical and biochemical cure. We present a case of a 57 year old woman with a background of Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism, who presented with severe generalised aches and pain, worst in her ribs and thighs, such that she could ...

Introduction: Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, large for gestational age (LGA) newborns, preterm delivery, congenital malformations, and fetal death. On the other hand, bariatric surgery before pregnancy is associated with a reduction of obesity-associated complications, but also with an increased risk of small for gestational age (SGA) newborns, fetal growth restriction and micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy.<p class=...

Introduction: Testosterone-based gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) may have negative consequences on cardiovascular risk, with reported increased blood pressure, decreased HDL-cholesterol, and weight gain. Still, data on cardiometabolic changes in transgender men on GAHT remain controversial. Testosterone-based GAHT also modifies body composition and lean muscle mass, but the degree to which affects serum creatinine and other measures of kidney function is still not clea...

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare malignancy. A complete surgical excision is often difficult, and persistent/recurrent disease occurs in up to 65% of cases. Progression often leads to symptomatic hypercalcemia, the major contributor to poor quality of life and mortality. Treatment options beyond surgical resection are limited. Denosumab is an approved therapy for refractory hypercalcemia of malignancy, and its use in unresectable PC has been descri...

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic condition which impairs enzymatic steroidogenesis of the adrenal cortex, leading to excessive androgen production. CAH phenotype is heterogeneous. In the mildest forms, it can present with hirsutism, acne and menstrual irregularities. Problems related to gender identification arise in about 5% of people with CAH with a 46,XX karyotype.Objective: We present the case of a young female-to-male ...

Introduction and Aims: Thyroid lesions constitute a frequent consultation in the area of endocrinology. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a gold standard for the evaluation of thyroid lesions, while ultrasound examination according to various thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) criteria is gaining importance in the field. The aim of our study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of both techniques in patients attended in thyroid lesion unit of o...

Introduction: Black adrenal adenomas are rare and benign. They are named after their black appearance, due to lipofuscin pigment. Most frequently black adenomas are associated with ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome. They can also cause primary hyperaldosteronism or be nonfunctioning. Unlike most other adrenal adenomas, black adenomas exhibit high Hounsfield units (>30) on CT, and high standard uptake value on FDG-PET.Case presentation: A 67-ye...